In vitro and molecular identification of Biofilm producing multidrug resistant nosocomial isolates from the surfaces of hospital environment
1Geetha Mani, 1Ishwarya Rajendran, 1Tharani Jayakumar and *Sangeetha Dhayalan
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Cuddalore-608002 (India)
ABSTRACT
The hospital environment and the fomites are the major sources of nosocomial infection. The majority of infections are transmitted directly or indirectly by environmental contamination. Nosocomial bacteria cause a serious problem in the health care system globally. The emergence of antibiotic resistance among nosocomial bacteria is increasing leading to treatment failure and prolonged hospital stays. Among the antibiotic resistance nosocomial pathogens, a high prevalence of biofilm producers was increased. This poses a threat to the hospital environment to treat the patient effectively. So, the present study has identified the biofilmproducing multidrug-resistant nosocomial isolates from the hospital environmental surfaces. Totally 60 bacterial isolates were identified from the different environmental surfaces of the acute care hospital, Cuddalore. Six different species were identified based on their morphological and biochemical characteristics. All the isolates were screened for the antibiotic resistance pattern. Among the six different species of isolates, Micrococcus spp. showed the maximum number of resistance to the studied antibiotics (83%) followed by Staphylococcus aureus (60%) and Proteus spp. (53%). Most of the isolates showed resistance to Imipenem (78%), Meropenem (73%) and Cefuroxime and Erythromycin (49%). And Levofloxacin, Amikacin and Vancomycin were showed susceptible by the maximum isolates. Biofilm production of the isolates was studied. Totally 68% of the isolates showed biofilm production and 31% showed no biofilm production. Among the 31 biofilm-producing isolates 8 showed the maximum amount of strong biofilm production. And the two randomly selected isolates were identified by the 16srRNA sequencing analysis. It was confirmed as Staphylococcus aureus and Micrococcus luteus. Monitoring the development of biofilms in the hospital setting is essential for halting the spread of illnesses that are multidrug resistant. By detecting and describing biofilm producers, the burden of hospital-acquired infections can be reduced, and the spread of pathogens can be stopped.