Sub-Surface water chemistry in relation to Fluoride levels in Challakere taluk of Chitradurga District, Karnataka
Nagaraja, B.* and B.R. Kiran**
*Assistant Professor, Department of Chemistry, SJM Arts, Science and Commerce College, Chandravalli, Chitradurga-577501 (India) ** Research & Teaching Assistant in Environmental Science, DDE, Kuvempu University, Shankaraghatta-577451 (India)
ABSTRACT
The present study deals with the fluoride levels in relation to few physico-chemical parameters in the sub-surface water samples of Challakere taluk of Chitradurga district. Karnataka during November 2019. Fluoride values varied from a minimum of 0.4 mg/1 to a maximum of 1.65 mg/1. In this study, pH values varied from 6.8-8.4. The recommended turbidity values ranged between 3 to 38 NTU . The values of electrical conductivity ranged between a minimum of 850 to a maximum of 1775 μmhos/cm Total hardness values varied from a minimum of 340 to a maximum of 897 mg/1. Calcium values ranged from a minimum of 42.5 mg/l to a maximum of 115.4 mg/1. Magnesium varied from 17 mg/1 to 93.5 mg/1. The nitrate values ranged between a minimum of 0.3 mg/1 to a maximum of 1.94 mg/1 The phosphate content ranged from 0.4 mg/1 to 0.84 mg/1. Chloride values ranged from a minimum of 66.5 mg/1 to a maximum of 586.2 mg/1 5 mg/1 respectively. Dental fluorosis was found in the studied area.