Impact of Chlorpyrifos on biochemical constituents of the freshwater Cyprinid fish, Cyprinus carpio (L.)
Kareema Ambareen1* and Mididoddi Venkateshwarlu2
1*Department of Applied Zoology, Kuvempu University, Jnana Sahyadri, Shankaraghatta, Shivamogga – 577451 (India) ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1636-8320 2Department of Applied Zoology, Kuvempu University, Jnana Sahyadri, Shankaraghatta / Vice Chancellor, Tumkur University, B.H Road, Tumkur-572103 (India) ORCID iD: 0000-0001-7122-3349
ABSTRACT
Chlorpyrifos (O,O-diethyl O-(3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinyl)- Phosphorothioate second largest selling OP insecticide widely used to control pests in agriculture farms and orchards of fruit trees. In this study, Cyprinus carpio has been exposed to 1/10th sub-lethal concentration (0.0318 mg/l) of 96 h LC50 of Chlorpyrifos for 7, 14, and 21 days. The current investigation sought to determine the detrimental effects of the insecticide chlorpyrifos on the levels of the biochemical components glycogen, glucose, total protein, and free amino acids, as well as the activities of the enzymes protease, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALAT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), malate dehydrogenase (MDH), were studied in Cyprinus carpio. Exposure to a sub-lethal dose showed significant (P<0.05) alterations in the biochemical parameters observed in the tissues of C. carpio, and changes developed progressively with exposure time. Results of the present study indicated that exposure to sub-lethal concentrations of chlorpyrifos as low as 0.0318mg/l may induce a deleterious effect on cellular metabolism, leading to impaired carbohydrate and protein synthetic machinery.