Detection of ESBL production in clinical isolates of Escherichia coli, their antibiotic resistance and biofilm development on varied catheter materials
1B. Anu Monisha, 2L. Sugantha Bharathy, 3K. Prem Kumar and 4*K. Sathiyamurthy
Department of Biomedical Science, School of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bharathidasan University, Trichy – 620 024 (India) *Email ID – ksathiyamurthy@yahoo.com Mob. +91 9444581708 1. ORCID ID-https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9999-6498; 2. ORCID ID-https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3791-3239 3. ORCID ID-https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9314-0974; 4. ORCID ID-https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7362-8849
ABSTRACT
The focus of the study was to detect the antibiotic resistance of Escherichia coli, their extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) production and development of biofilm on different catheters. 37 E. coli clinical strains were procured from K.A.P. Viswanatham Government Medical College, Trichy, Tamil Nadu, India and screened for their antibiotic resistance through Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. 30 strains (81.0%) were highly resistant to ampicillin. The tested strains expressed 29 different antibiotic resistance patterns. Interestingly, it was found that 28 strains (75.6%) were multi - drug resistant (MDR). 33 (89.1%) strains were found to be positive for ESBL. E. coli producing ESBL were further tested for Double Disk Synergy Test (DDST) and 30 (81.0%) were positive strains. Similarly, in Modified Double Disk Synergy Test (MDDST), 32 (86.4%) isolates were found to be positive. Whereas in Direct Modified Three Dimensional Tests (DMTDT), only 12 (32.4%) isolates were positive, while in Indirect Modified Three Dimensional Tests (IMTDT), 35 (94.5%) isolates were positive. Biofilm formation of E. coli on two different catheters was tested and the results revealed that silicone based catheter reduced the bacterial biofilm effectively than the PVC catheters. In addition, it was found from this study that following biofilm growth, E. coli developed increased resistance against most of the antibiotics. Also it was found that the presence of glucose at higher level enhanced biofilm development of E. coli. The increasing resistance of biofilm-associated E. coli to antimicrobial agents and the potential of the organism to cause infections through indwelling medical devices like catheters is a critical public health concern.