In vitro Antimicrobial activity of B. propolis extract against Porphyromonas gingivalis and its potential application in the management of Periodontitis
1Ritika Lalwani and 2Vaishali Thool
1Institute for Higher Learning, Research and Specialized Studies,Sardar Patel Mahavidyalaya, Chandrapur - 442401 (India) 2Department of Microbiology Sardar Patel Mahavidyalaya, Chandrapur - 442401 (India) Email address of corresponding author: ritikalalwani77@yahoo.in 1Research Scholar, 2Professor
ABSTRACT
Periodontitis, a bacterial-induced inflammatorydisease occurs due to the colonisation ofperidontopathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis accountable for causing dental plaque. P. gingivalis is a gram-negative, rod-shaped, obligate anaerobic bacterium isolated from subgingival plaques of admitted patients. To overcome the widespread of antibiotic resistance, the current study investigates the antimicrobial ability of ethanolic extract of B. propolis [EEP] against fifteen anaerobic strains of P. gingivalis. The chemical composition of B. propolis extract was analysed through high-resolution Gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry [GC-MS]. Thirty different types of chemical compounds were detected in the EEP, in which diethyl phthalate, eugenol, octadecanoic acid, cis-9-hexadecenal and l-[+]-Ascorbic acid 2,6- dihexadecanoate were observed to be present in high concentrations. The EEP was applied to determine the minimum bactericidal concentrations [MBC] and minimum inhibitory concentrations [MIC] on the growth of P. gingivalis. The MICs and MBCs values of EEP ranges from 50 to 200 mg per ml and 50 to 100 mg per ml respectively. The growth inhibition of P. gingivalis was observed after 6 hrs of incubation at 200 mg per ml concentration of EEP. The scanning and transmission electron microscopy images revealed the interaction of EEP with the cell wall of P. gingivalis. The antimicrobial activity of EEP against the pathogenic biofilm of P. gingivalis can be used as a safe, eco-friendly and cost-effective alternative for the treatment of periodontal disease.