Impact of Lifestyle Interventions on Glucose and Lipid Profile Among Type 2 Diabetes mellitus Patients: A Longitudinal Study
Ginjinder Kaur
Department of Human Genetics, Punjabi University, Patiala - 147002 (India) Email : ginjinder_hg@pbi.ac.in Mob. : 9216142474
ABSTRACT
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is one of the most deadly, disabling and costly disease facing the world and it continues to be on the rise at epidemic proportions. Type 2 Diabetes mellitus and dyslipidaemia are metabolic disorders that significantly increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases. The present study aims to explore the effect of lifestyle modifications on the levels of biochemical variables as well as categorization by changes in diet, physical activity, both or no modification at all among individuals suffering from type 2 diabetes mellitus. A total of 680 diabetic patients were evaluated for glucose, serum triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL, HDL and VLDL levels, who were then grouped according to their voluntary compliance levels into four groups (first with diet as modification, second with exercise as modification, third with both diet and exercise as modification and the fourth one with no modification at all). The variables were assessed at baseline, further followed up longitudinally after every three months interval for next 12 months (i.e. five times in the course of the present study) and the levels of different variables of lipid profile were categorized after every follow-up. It was observed that glucose and lipid profile variables had significantly reduced levels after adoption of lifestyle modification programme in every follow-up. The categorization of lipid profile parameters illustrated that the lifestyle modifications were able to increase the number of individuals in normal categories, reducing the numbers in risk categories. Among the four groups, it can be further elucidated that exercise was an effective measure in lowering the levels of all biochemical parameters in comparison to other modification groups.